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Silicon designed for training or running models: GPUs, purpose-built inference accelerators, wafer-scale processors and edge chips. Established semiconductor companies share the category with startups building alternative architectures, plus the in-house designs of the large cloud providers.
Peak throughput rarely decides it. Software maturity does, along with memory capacity and bandwidth, whether the part can be bought outright or only rented through one cloud, and how much work porting an existing stack would take. A faster chip that nobody's framework targets runs slower in practice.